20 July

Events preceding British Declaration of War

 * British Fleet at Spithead: reviewed by King George V.
 * President Poincaré reaches Kronstadt and is welcomed by the Tsar.
 * Commencement of the trial of Madame Caillaux for the murder of M. Calmette on 16 March.
 * Austria-Hungary: Preparations on Serbian frontier.

1915

 * - French advance up valley of the Fecht towards Munster (Alsace).
 * - Stubborn Russian defence of Lyublin-Kholm railway. Heavy fighting south of Ivangorod.
 * Russians evacuate positions west of Groitsi and retreat north of Novogorod (Warsaw region).
 * Germans break through Russian line on the Bubissa (north).
 * - Italians attack round Gorizia and capture of 500 prisoners on Carso.
 * - Welsh miners strike settled.

1916

 * - Struggle in Longueval and Delville Wood continued. British advance 1,000 yards between Bazentin and Longueval.
 * North of Somme French carry enemy trenches from Hardecourt Hill to the river. South, they take enemy first position from Estrees to Vermandovillers, and Barleaux to Soyecourt.
 * French gain a position south of Fleury (Verdun).
 * French airman drops leaflets over Berlin; is captured in Poland.
 * - Sakharov defeats Austrians on south-west of Lutsk salient; attacks and carries Berestechko. Heavy fighting on Riga front resumed.
 * - Demobilisation of the Greek army nearly completed.
 * - Russians continue advance in Armenia; they capture Gumishkhanek, on Trebizond-Erzingan road.
 * Turkish aeroplanes bomb Suez and Port Tewfik.
 * - Debate on Mesopotamia campaign in both Houses of Parliament.
 * An Anglo-French Loan is made to Greek Government.

1917

 * - German breach of Russian front in Galicia growing; retreat stayed in Brzezany and Halicz regions.
 * - Record heat at Baghdad 123 deg.

1918

 * - Germans re-cross Marne. 20,000 prisoners and 400 guns since 18 July.
 * British, French and Italians advance in Ardre valley, in Boise de Courton, and towards St. Euphraise. Aeroplane raid on Kent; no damage.
 * No - British destroyer Marne sinks German submarine attacking Justicia; Justicia sinks after long fight.
 * - Mr. Balfour replies to Hertling's "pawn" speech.
 * Threatening meeting of munition workers at Birmingham.